PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice late to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.